In fact, for a ship moving through the water much more complicated than it might seem. Water has a certain viscosity and in any case rather generates considerable resistance, especially for large ships is significant. Usually they say that the ship's bow "cuts" the water, but in reality it is not so cut it, how many pushes before him, especially when driving at high speeds. At some point, this effect becomes so pronounced that a further increase in speed is almost impossible. In fact, the maximum speed of the vessel is directly proportional to the length of its waterline - in other words, to make it more high-speed, it is necessary to increase its size. This, on the other hand, increases the mass of the ship and rubbing his body with water. Shipbuilder enters into a kind of vicious circle, which limits his ability to create high-speed ships. Designers need to break the pretty head, looking more and more exotic forms and approaches in order to radically reduce the friction or resistance to the bow wave. What solutions exist to reduce the friction of the medium through which the moving object? One of them can be seen on the surface of the golf ball: small indentations on it create vortexes in the air near the layer, destroying it and allow the ball to move faster and more straightforward. By the way, so do dolphins, which when swimming at high speeds the skin forms a similar recess. However, for shipbuilding, which uses steel housing, this approach is applicable not enough. On the other hand, developers have approached the problem of Mitsubishi, which proposed to reduce the friction of the water surrounding the hull mass of air bubbles - we wrote about this in the article "Air lining." But members of the European consortium Effect Ships International AS send a similar but different way. They are inspired by a mechanism that allows high-speed boats to reach speeds much greater one than to allow the length of the waterline: this boat is literally breaking through the water, destroying the head wave. The body is arranged so that the motion to create a "lift" buoyant vessel from the water and allowing it to move nearly along the surface and above it. Only a small part of the body is immersed in water, the friction and resistance of the bow wave is minimal. An extreme example of this approach include hovercrafts, the move does not related to water and capable of developing an impressive speed. However, with high waves, they are unable to consistently maintain their "flight", which severely limits the applicability of such courts. Thus, the authors took into account the ASV project, these principles and created a prototype of the hull is quite an original design. Its V-shaped nose, a pair of divergent acute, gradually flattened edges that cut the counter-flow of water and direct it to the side and passing along the center of the cavity, which, in turn, has a pair of sharp protrusions. She and filled with air bubbles, so that the friction of the body of water falls sharply - according to the calculations of developers, twice, a 40% increase in energy efficiency, even taking into account the additional costs of operation of the air system. It is said that this system works well only in relatively calm water. It is assumed that culminate in the creation of high-speed ships Development of the coastal zone, with about 20 meters long and capable of carrying up to hundreds of passengers at a speed of 35 knots (60 km / h). Separately, the authors note the extreme smoothness of motion, which should appeal to people suffering from seasickness. The opportunities and the creation of courts of other sizes, from 15 to 100 m in length. Perhaps the technology will be used for larger vessels, up to commercial trucks. To achieve the minimum weight of a ship hull will be manufactured using carbon fiber composites. If this is successfully done, the court will be equipped with silent electric motors instead of diesel.
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